For instance, a circuit breaker have to be in the totally closed. Sep 16, 2012 wave trap is an instrument using for tripping of the wave. Electrical substation components list diagram, working. It is general experience of practically all the utilities that most of the equipment dont show any abnormality during scheduled maintenance and there is no guarantee that the equipment shall not fail before the next schedule maintenance. Troubleshooting switchyard and substation equipment. And also an attempt is made to cover the general maintenance of substation. Switchyard definition is a usually enclosed area for the switching facilities of a power station. Switchyard definition of switchyard by merriamwebster. Installing switchyard switchyard project documentation editor. Under abnormal conditions, switchgear equipment automatically disconnects faulted equipment from the rest of the power system as soon as possible, in order to minimize damage. The substation design manual is not intended to replace asset management standards, but rather to act as a reference document that crossreferences existing standards and process documentation and plugs any gaps where asset management documentation does not exist.
Technical specification construction of 3311 kv primary substations. It is connected to the main incoming feeder so that it can trap the waves which may. Transmission and zone substation data asset structure and. Listed are electrical substation equipment like transformers, busbar, isolator, capacitor bank, switchyard etc joined together to deliver power. This tutorial illustrates how to perform the following tasks.
Like all other equipment, a procedural format is followed by the manufacturers, to generate a list of various parts of all the equipment, erected in a switchyard. Substation equipment and functions equipment type function substation category arrestors limits the magnitude of voltage transients that can damage equipment. Supply in the package materials have been classified as under i. The electricity substation is a network of electrical equipment which is connected in a structured way in order to supply electricity to end consumers. The general layout of a protection system may be viewed as given in the following figure. The fill for embankment ranges up to 27 feet in depth and the cut for excavation ranges up to 24 feet in depth. The type of equipment needed in the substation will depend upon the service. A person appointed by the ss entities to function as the agent for the ss entities, as designated in appendix f of this agreement, for purposes including but not limited to coordinating. Layout of the switchyard septum or lambertson 77 m 4 m 9 m gap to allow the transport of heavy equipment microbend figure 1. An electrical substation is an installation with electrical equipment capable of interrupting or establishing electrical circuits and changing the voltage, frequency, or other characteristics of the electrical energy flowing in the circuits. Impact of new grid developments on substation design. It is connected to the main incoming feeder so that it can trap the waves which may be dangerous to the instruments here in the substation.
Distribution substations may also be the points of voltage regulation, although on long distribution circuits several kmmiles, voltage regulation equipment may also be installed along the line. What is a wave trap in a substation and how does it work. The electrical substation design is a complex method with full of engineer planning. Switchyard definition of switchyard by the free dictionary. Operation and maintenance of a gas insulated substation. A component in a transmission and distribution system whose primary function. Electrical substation components, workings and their functions.
The choice of site for a substation or switchyard shall be based on technical, economic and environmental factors. The equipment like bus bars, isolator, power transformer etc. Pdf development of an electrical substation equipment. The purpose of the database is to provide a basis for developing or improving equipment vulnerability functions. Wave trap is a parallel tuned inductor capacitor tank circuit made to be resonant at desired communication frequency. The equipment is designed and manufactured to provide most optimum functional value and neat appearance. Fundamentals of electrical substations and switchgear. Complicated distribution substations can be found in the downtown areas of large cities. Switchyard design a seminar report submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree bachelor of technology in electrical engineering by milind punj roll. Test or measurements are carried to determine the condition of the equipment. Sulfur hexafluoride sf6 in transmission and distribution. At least one said dc line is connected to at least one said busbar through a unidirectional said dc breaker, i. The function of this trap is that it traps the unwanted waves.
The offsite power system includes all transmission lines connected to the switchyard, the switchyard equipment overhead buses, circuit breakers, disconnect air switches, auxiliary transformers, and ends at the input terminals of the switchgear circuit breakers. This substation is constructed using steel lattice structures to support strain bus wires and apparatus. The antbased installer is a bit more flexible in terms of options and also preserves existing eap configuration. The key steps in the substation designing include switchingsystem, planning and placing of equipment, selection of components as well as ordering, support of engineers, structural design, the design of electrical layout, protection of relay, and major apparatus ratings. A mini project report on operation and maintenance of 2202kv substation submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of bachelor of technology in electrical and electronics engineering submitted by v. Work in substations general summary this document supports the power system safety rules and its requirements assembled under work in substations general. In order to separate the beam for the soft xray beamline a resonant kicker 2 will be used. If the reprint or republication includes ed material, the credit should also state. Main tasks associated with major substations in the transmission and ditribution system include following. Its basic function is to detect a fault condition and interrupt current flow.
Technical specification construction of 3311 kv primary sub. Recognize and describe the function of a substation. The factors to be taken into account for designing substations shall be as under. Recognize and identify the basic equipment found in substations. The function of the electric power distribution system in a building or an installation site is to receive power at one or more supply points and to deliver it to the lighting loads, motors and all other electrically operated devices.
What is the difference between a substation and a switchyard. The switchyard has also a control unit 66 configured to control the dc breakers of the. With only one busbar and a minimum of equipment, it is an economical solution to serve your needs. Iec 6185081 also enables splitting between function.
The switchyard is located approximately 850 feet southwest of the right abutment of the dam, and approximately 170 feet higher than the top of the dam. It details the electrical hazards which must be managed to ensure the safety of. Substation is integral part of a power system and form important links between the generating station, transmission systems, distribution systems and the load points. Identify the major parts of a transmission and distribution system. The ergon energy design philosophy is to provide substations. Numbering rules for identifying specific switchgear items are specified in. Army, usa, technical manual tm 58116, electric power plant design. There is numerous electrical substation components like outgoing and incoming circuitry each of which having its circuit breakers, isolators, transformers, and busbar system etc for the smooth functioning of the system. Between the generating station and consumer, electric power may flow through several substations at different voltage levels. The substation or switchyard can be conventional air insulated substation ais of.
Switchgear and protective devices 2015 8 p a g e risk of synchronous motors in large industrial premises falling out of step and tripping out. Learn the fundamentals of medium voltage switchgear. Wave trap is an instrument using for tripping of the wave. Basic substation configurations and the components avo training. If the nameplate data is incorrect or missing in the equipment register, it shall be captured and entered into the equipment register. Power plant switchyard explained in this video fundamentals of power plant switch yard is introduced and function of various equipment are. Answer shubham batham a switchyard is where the power is maintained at same level without change of voltage after generating transformer the power is feed to the switchyard with the help of conductor bar. Electric substations with equipment used to convert highvoltage, extrahighvoltage ehv, or ultrahighvoltage uhv transmission lines to the intermediate voltage subtransmission lines or to switch subtransmission circuits operating at voltages in the range of 34. An outage due to malfunctioning of any item is disastrous. A 50 hz electrical substation in melbourne, australia. Infrastructure security of anpp switchyardrelated equipment and operations and control. It is general experience of practically all the utilities that most of the equipment dont show any abnormality during scheduled maintenance and there is no guarantee that the equipment. The substation or switchyard can be conventional air insulated substation ais of gas insulated substation gis or a hybrid substation.
Any switchyard being upstream in the load flow diagram, anything and everything in a switchyard, is very critical. Different equipments in a switchyard bus bars, insulators, circuit. During maintenance works, the nameplate data that has been recorded in the equipment register shall be confirmed. Table 2 provides a general list of substation equipment types, their basic function, and the category of substations that they would be used in. Presentation on industrial training in 220kv substation ig nagar, jaipur on the topic operation and maintenance of ehv equipment and trannsmission system. Switchyard pdf 44 advantage of vacuum cb used up to 66 kv. Main tasks associated with major substations in the. Substation and switchyard both are different and these two switchyard is the inter connector between generation and transmission, and same voltage is mentained in switchyard, substation is the inter connector between transmission and distribution. Nov 15, 20 this tutorial takes you through the steps required to create, implement, test and deploy a switchyard application using the eclipse tooling. Distribution substations michigan technological university. Chapter8 switchyard equipment hv bus bars, switchyard. It will include the following i detailed investigation of substation and preparation of boq to be done by the bidder. Vuspec page 3 ieee 12402000 r2012, ieee guide for the evaluation of the reliability of hvdc converter stations ieee 12462011, ieee guide for temporary protective grounding systems used in substations.
Surge arresters or lightning arresters discharge the over voltage surges to earth and protect the equipment insulation from switching surges and lightning surges. The 20acre complex was one of two highvoltage switchyards that together provided up to 2,200 megawatts of powerenough to light up new york city at the time the portsmouth gaseous diffusion plant was constructed in the 1950s. A substation is a part of an electrical generation, transmission, and distribution system. The main purpose of this is to supply the generated energy from the power plant at the particular level of voltage to the nearby transmission line or power grid. Training report on 4002202 kv switchyard in india design and engineering. This was a 43yearold westinghouse breaker weighing 32,200 lbs. Training report on 4002202 kv switchyard in india design. A mv lv transformer electrical substation consists, therefore, of the set of devices dedicated to the transformation of the voltage supplied by the distribution network at medium voltage e. Substation commissioning and testing is a critical task prior to substation energization to ensure all equipment will function safely in the intended manner. This high voltage is very dangerous to the instruments used in the substation. Power plant electrical distribution systems gary w castleberry, pe course description this one hour course provides an introduction to the design of electrical distribution systems found in electrical power generation plants. Transmission, sub transmission and distribution substation 4. Electrical substation equipment for transferring of electrical power from generating unit to distributing units various types of electrical equipment are required. Switchyards definition of switchyards by the free dictionary.
The switchyard has also a control unit 66 configured to control the dc breakers of the switchyard for protecting equipment connected to said busbars andor dc lines upon occurrence of a said fault current. One example is the replacement of a 230kilovolt kv power circuit breaker in the ocotillo power plant switchyard in tempe. Switchyard 2pdf transformer electrical equipment scribd. Substations transform voltage from high to low, or the reverse, or perform any of several other important functions. A distribution substation transfers power from the transmission system to the. Surge arresters are generally connected between phase conductor and ground. Under these conditions, switchgear equipment performs a protective function. The process bus really enables sensitive digital equipment to be placed right in the breaker bay. The digital substation also uses a process bus, which not only controls the equipment in the substation yard but adds flexibility by enabling digital devices to talk directly to each other. Medium and large power transformers in distribution or transmission power system are often protected by differential relay because of its high sensitivity and fast operation. This is showing three of the five 220 kv66 kv transformers, as well as highvoltage transformer fire barriers, each with a capacity of 150 mva. The switchyard also includes means 65, here only schematically indicated through a box, configured to detect occurrence of a fault current in connection with said busbars or dc lines, i.